The note indicator, a number in superscript, follows the final punctuation of the citing sentence in the main body of the text. Numbering should not be restarted on each page or used out of sequence. Notes should be numbered consecutively throughout the paper even if you are citing a source more than once. Rule: Citations are provided in numbered footnotes (at the bottom of the page containing the reference) or endnotes (at the end of the paper). To avoid complications arising from formatting notes and from inserting and deleting references, make use of your word processor's footnote/endnote capabilities. Most modern word-processing software supports robust footnote and endnote handling, including automatic updating and renumbering of note numbers and placement of notes. One of the strengths of the Notes and Bibliography system is its flexibility see chapter 14 of the Chicago Manual of Style for more details. In addition, a bibliography provides complete information on the works cited and may also refer to other works consulted. In the Notes and Bibliography system, citations are generally provided in the main text through the use of footnotes or endnotes. Project MUSE.ģ. Keng, Lin, and Orazem, “Expanding College Access,” 23.For full guidance, please consult The Chicago Manual of Style Online (access for UNC affiliates via Onyen login).
“Conundrum: A Story about Reading.” New England Review 38 (1): 95–109. “Expanding College Access in Taiwan, 1978–2014: Effects on Graduate Quality and Income Inequality.” Journal of Human Capital 11, no. Project MUSE.ġ. Keng, Shao-Hsun, Chun-Hung Lin, and Peter F. Orazem. Keng, Shao-Hsun, Chun-Hung Lin, and Peter F. Orazem. In the reading list ( in alphabetical order):
In the case of more than ten authors you only mention the first seven in your reading list, followed by et al. If there are up to ten authors you mention them all in your reading list, in the reference in the text you only give the name of the first author, followed by et al. Journal articles often have more than one author. A DOI is a sustainable URL that starts with .
In the case of online articles also give the URL or preferably (if present) the DOI (Digital Object Identifier). In the reading list (in alphabetical order) you include the paging of the entire article, in the reference in the text you put the page(s) of the quote.